Presentation of the ATLETAS DA VOZ™ Conditioning Program

Objectives: To present a simple form of vocal and breathing conditioning for voice professionals based on concepts from vocal science. The vocal conditioning program called Voice Athletes Conditioning uses the principles of exercise physiology to gradually improve vocal and respiratory overload to achieve endurance, power, and flexibility. Methods: Due to our personal experience with high voice users, we synthesized a vocal conditioning program (AVCP) that combines voice science, exercise physiology, sports science and physical therapy principles. This is an 8-week program of daily vocal and breathing exercises with overload enhancement each week using different types of breathing devices and semi-occluded vocal tract exercises, designed and developed according to the specific requirements and performance of the voice professional. Reflections: Professional voice users often experience episodes of vocal fatigue that can directly affect their performance and vocal health. As with physical training for athletes, voice exercises can also contribute to improving vocal conditioning, preventing voice disorders, as well as helping to obtain better performance, greater tolerance to fatigue and shorter recovery time. Conclusions: AVCP is an approach that considers the principles of muscle training aimed objectively at the respiratory and vocal muscles, carried out with a variety of breathing devices and specific vocal exercises in search of greater performance time, less physiological stress, and shorter recovery time in the professional use of the voice.

Objetivos: Presentar una forma sencilla de acondicionamiento vocal y respiratorio para profesionales de la voz, basada en conceptos de la ciencia vocal. El programa de acondicionamiento vocal denominado Voice Athletes Conditioning utiliza los principios de la fisiología del ejercicio para mejorar gradualmente la sobrecarga vocal y respiratoria, con el fin de lograr resistencia, potencia y flexibilidad. Métodos: Debido a nuestra experiencia personal con usuarios de voz aguda, sintetizamos un programa de acondicionamiento vocal (AVCP) que combina principios de la ciencia de la voz, la fisiología del ejercicio, las ciencias del deporte y la fisioterapia. Se trata de un programa de 8 semanas de ejercicios vocales y respiratorios diarios con realce de sobrecarga cada semana utilizando diferentes tipos de dispositivos respiratorios y ejercicios semioclusivos del tracto vocal, diseñado y desarrollado de acuerdo con los requerimientos específicos y el rendimiento del profesional de la voz. Reflexiones: Los usuarios profesionales de la voz experimentan a menudo episodios de fatiga vocal que pueden afectar directamente su rendimiento y salud vocal. Al igual que ocurre con el entrenamiento físico de los deportistas, los ejercicios vocales también pueden contribuir a mejorar el acondicionamiento vocal, prevenir trastornos de la voz, además de ayudar a obtener un mejor rendimiento, una mayor tolerancia a la fatiga y un menor tiempo de recuperación. Conclusiones: El AVCP es un enfoque que considera los principios del entrenamiento muscular dirigido objetivamente a la musculatura respiratoria y vocal, realizado con diversos aparatos respiratorios y ejercicios vocales específicos en busca de un mayor tiempo de actuación, menor estrés fisiológico y menor tiempo de recuperación en el uso profesional de la voz.

[Translated article] Mechanical properties variations of immature bone in the earliest stages of development. / [Artículo traducido] Variación de las propiedades mecánicas del hueso inmaduro en las etapas más tempranas del desarrollo.

Introduction Bone as a material varies its composition and mechanical properties throughout life. Although these variations are better understood in adulthood, there is little experimental information on the variation of these properties in early stages of development. The objective of this study is to analyze the mechanical behavior and chemical properties of cortical bone tissue from two animal species in these earliest stages. Material and methodology Twenty specimens of cortical bone were manufactured from bovine and ovine species that were in different stages of development (feeding exclusively on breast milk, in the transition period to feed or pasture, and young animals but on a solid food diet). The specimens were subjected to tensile tests, recorded with a high-speed camera to obtain deformation maps. Measurements of the tensile force until the specimen broke were also carried out. A fractographic study was carried out with a scanning electron microscope to analyze the fracture surface and an analysis of the amount of calcium in each of the specimens using X-ray dispersion spectroscopy. Results A statistically significant and positive correlation was found between the elastic modulus of the specimens and their calcium content. A trend towards more rigid behavior with age was observed. Conclusions Young bone tissue tends to stiffen with age as the calcium content increases with an increase in elastic modulus.

Impact of hypochloremia as a prognostic factor in patients with heart failure, a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: some studies suggest that hypochloremia is a risk factor in the prognosis of heart failure (HF) in patients with recent decompensation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: retrospective cohort study of patients discharged due to HF decompensation who began follow-up in a specialized clinic. Two groups are defined: patients with hypochloremia (chloride < 98 mmol/L) and normochloremic patients (chloride > 98 mmol/L) in the initial assessment within the first month after discharge. The rate of intravenous diuretic rescue, emergency department visits, readmission for HF and cardiovascular (CV) death are compared using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: 165 patients were included (59% women, mean age 85 years), with 60 (36%) having hypochloremia. Both groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics, except for female sex, presence of peripheral artery disease, moderate-to-severe liver disease (more prevalent in the hypochloremia group), PROFUND index, and baseline furosemide dose (higher in patients with hypochloremia). The incidence of the primary event was higher in subjects with hypochloremia than in normochloremic subjects (HR: 1.59, 95% CI 0.97-2.62), mainly due to the need for intravenous diuretic rescue (HR: 1.86, 95% CI 1.07-3.24). CONCLUSIONS: hypochloremia following admission for HF decompensation is associated with a greater need for intravenous diuretic rescue therapy and probably worse overall prognosis across the spectrum of the disease, regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Continental-scale migration patterns and origin of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) based on a biogeochemical marker.

Insect migrations have ecological and economic impacts, particularly in agriculture. However, there is limited knowledge about the migratory movements of pests at the continental scale, which is an important factor influencing the spread of resistance genes. Understanding the migratory patterns of economic pests, like Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), is essential for improving Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Insect Resistance Management (IRM) strategies. In this study, we used stable hydrogen isotopic ratios in wing tissue as a biogeochemical marker to examine migratory patterns and estimate the native origins of H. zea individuals collected across a wide latitudinal gradient in North America. Samples collected at higher latitudes (Ontario, Canada and Minnesota, USA) exhibited a greater proportion (60%-96%) of nonlocal individuals, with an increased probability of origin from the southeastern United States. Populations from mid-latitudes (Florida, North Carolina, and South Carolina) showed a blend of local and nonlocal (40%-60%) individuals. Finally, 15% of the southernmost population individuals (Puerto Rico) were classified as migratory, with some having a probability of origin at higher latitudes (>30°). Overall, our results provide evidence of a northward spring/summer migration of H. zea in North America and underscore the significance of the southeastern United States as a hub for genetic flow. In addition, based on stable hydrogen isotopic ratios, there is strong evidence of reverse (southward) migration of H. zea from the continental United States to Puerto Rico. Our study highlights the implications for IPM and IRM programs and the need for management strategies that account for both northward and southward migration patterns.

Evaluación del efecto de la liposucción con o sin abdominoplastia sobre la resistencia a la insulina en pacientes normoglucémicas con sobrepeso: un estudio prospectivo de cohorte / The effect of liposuction versus liposuction with abdominoplasty on insulin resistance in normoglycemic non-obese females: A prospective cohort study

Introducción: Varios estudios han evaluado el efecto de la liposucción o de la abdominoplastia sobre la salud metabólica, incluyendo la resistencia a la insulina, con resultados mixtos. A varias pacientes con sobrepeso, sin obesidad marcada, se les recomienda el procedimiento de liposucción combinado con abdominoplastia, sin que exista publicada evidencia alguna sobre la efectividad de combinar ambos procedimientos en la salud metabólica. Métodos: El presente estudio prospectivo de cohorte evaluó el cambio en la resistencia a la insulina y otros parámetros metabólicos en dos grupos de mujeres hispanoamericanas normoglucémicas con sobrepeso. Las pacientes del primer grupo fueron sometidas a liposucción únicamente (LIPO), mientras que el segundo grupo fue sometido a liposucción con abdominoplastia (LIPO+ABDO). Resultados: Un total de 31 pacientes fueron evaluadas, incluyendo a 13 con LIPO y 18 con LIPO+ABDO; ambos grupos mostraron HOMA-IR prequirúrgicos similares (p>0,72). En las del grupo LIPO evaluadas 60días después del procedimiento, se observaron HOMA-IR similares a sus niveles prequirúrgicos (2.,98±0,4 vs. 2,70±0,3, p>0,20); las del grupo LIPO+ABDO, sin embargo, mostraron HOMA-IR significativamente reducidos en comparación de sus índices prequirúrgicos (2,37±0,2 vs. 1,73±0,1, p<0,001). También en este grupo, esta reducción se correlacionó positivamente con el valor prequirúrgico de HOMA-IR (p<0,001) y, de manera interesante, se observó una correlación negativa entre la edad de la paciente y el grado de disminución en el HOMA-IR tras la cirugía (Spearman r=−0,56, p<0,05). No se observaron cambios en los otros parámetros bioquímicos evaluados. Conclusiones: Los datos de este estudio sugieren que cuando es combinada con abdominoplastia, la liposucción mejora la resistencia a la insulina en pacientes hispanoamericanas. Se requieren de estudios adicionales para probar dicha posibilidad.(AU)

Introduction: Several studies have evaluated the effect of liposuction or abdominoplasty on metabolic health, including insulin resistance, with mixed results. Many overweight patients, with no marked obesity, are recommended to undergo liposuction combined with abdominoplasty, but no study has evaluated the effectiveness of combining the two procedures on metabolic health. Methods: The present prospective cohort study compares the metabolic parameters of two groups of normoglycemic Hispanic women without obesity. The first group underwent liposuction only (LIPO), while the second group had combined liposuction and abdominoplasty (LIPO+ABDO). Results: A total of 31 patients were evaluated, including 13 in the LIPO group and 18 in the LIPO+ABDO group. The two groups had similar HOMA-IR before surgery (P>.72). When tested 60days after surgery, women in the LIPO group had similar HOMA-IR compared to their preoperative levels (2.98±0.4 vs. 2.70±0.3; P>.20). However, the LIPO+ABDO group showed significantly reduced HOMA-IR values compared to their preoperative levels (2.37±0.2 vs. 1.73±0.1; P<.001). In this group, this decrease also positively correlated with their preoperative HOMA-IR (Spearman r=0.72; P<.001) and, interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between the age of the subjects and the drop in HOMA-IR after surgery (Spearman r=−0.56; P<.05). No changes were observed in the other biochemical parameters that were assessed. Conclusions: These data suggest that, when combined with abdominoplasty, liposuction does improve insulin resistance in healthy Hispanic females. More studies are warranted to address this possibility.(AU)

Progresión temporal de la distribución de los serotipos de Streptococcus pneumoniae productores de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en Galicia (España) y su relación con la resistencia a antibióticos (periodo 2011-2021) / Temporal progression of the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in Galicia (Spain) and its relationship with resistance to antibiotics (period 2011-2021)

Introducción: Streptococcus pneumoniae causa enfermedades graves en la población susceptible. La vacuna neumocócica conjugada (PCV) 13-valente (PCV13) se incluyó en el calendario infantil en 2011. Este estudio analiza la evolución de los serotipos de neumococo y de sus resistencias tras la PCV13. Métodos: Se incluyeron los neumococos serotipados en Galicia en 2011-2021. Se estudió la sensibilidad antibiótica siguiendo criterios EUCAST. Se analizaron los datos en 3 subperíodos: inicial (2011-2013), medio (2014-2017) y final (2018-2021). Se calcularon las prevalencias de los serotipos y el porcentaje de resistencia a los antibióticos más representativos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 2.869 aislados. Inicialmente el 42,7% presentaba tipos capsulares incluidos en la PCV13, frente al 15,4% al final. Los incluidos en la PCV20 y no en la PCV13 y PCV15 fueron el 12,5% inicialmente y el 41,3% al final. El 26,4% de los serotipos a lo largo del estudio no estaban incluidos en ninguna vacuna. La prevalencia del serotipo 8 se multiplicó casi por 8 y la del 12F se triplicó. El serotipo 19A fue el más resistente inicialmente. La resistencia de los serotipos 11A y 15A aumentó a lo largo del estudio. Conclusiones: La introducción de la PCV13 en la población infantil determinó un cambio en los serotipos de neumococo hacia los incluidos en la PCV20 y los no incluidos en ninguna vacuna. El serotipo 19A inicialmente fue el más resistente, y el 15A, no incluido en ninguna vacuna, merece un especial seguimiento. El serotipo 8, que fue el que más se incrementó, no mostró resistencia destacable.(AU)

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes serious diseases in the susceptible population. The 13-valent pneumococci conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was included in the children's calendar in 2011. The objective of the study was to analyze the evolution of pneumococcal serotypes and their resistance after PCV13. Methods: This study included the pneumococci serotyped in Galicia in 2011-2021. Antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed following EUCAST criteria. The data was analyzed in 3 sub-periods: initial (2011-2013), middle (2014-2017) and final (2018-2021). The prevalence of serotypes and their percentage of resistance to the most representative antibiotics were calculated. Results: A total of 2.869 isolates were included. Initially, 42.7% isolates presented capsular types included in PCV13, compared to 15.4% at the end. Those included in PCV20 and not in PCV13 and PCV15 were 12.5% at baseline and 41.3% at the end; 26.4% of the isolates throughout the study had serotypes not included in any vaccine. The prevalence of serotype 8 multiplied almost by 8 and that of 12F tripled. The 19A serotype was initially the most resistant, while the resistance of serotypes 11A and 15A increased throughout the study. Conclusions: The introduction of PCV13 in the pediatric population determined a change in pneumococcal serotypes towards those included in PCV20 and those not included in any vaccine. Serotype 19A was initially the most resistant and the 15A, not included in any vaccine, deserves special follow-up. Serotype 8, which increased the most, did not show remarkable resistance.(AU)

La dependencia del ejercicio físico en deportes de resistencia: relación con la regulación emocional y el afecto negativo / Dependence on physical exercise in endurance sports: relationship with emotional regulation and negative affect

El ejercicio físico en altos volúmenes y descontrolado puede generar dependencia psicológica y cambios en el estado de ánimo. La regulación emocional y el afecto negativo son procesos relevantes para el desarrollo de patrones adictivos. Este estudio analizó las diferencias en afecto negativo y regulación emocional en función del perfil de práctica del ejercicio físico; la relación entre la dependencia del ejercicio, la regulación emocional y el afecto negativo; y el papel mediador de la regulación emocional en dicha relación. Participaron 375 practicantes de deportes de resistencia. Las diferencias en los perfiles de práctica del ejercicio físico fueron significativas en todas las variables de estudio. La dependencia del ejercicio correlacionó de forma positiva y significativa con las dificultades de regulación emocional y con el afecto negativo. Las dificultades de regulación emocional fueron predictoras de la dependencia del ejercicio. Hubo un efecto de mediación de las dificultades de regulación emocional entre el afecto negativo y la dependencia del ejercicio. Mejorar las habilidades de regulación emocional podría prevenir la aparición de la dependencia del ejercicio.(AU)

The copious and uncontrolled practice of exercise can generate psychologicaldependence and mood changes. Emotional regulation and negative affectivity arerelevant processes for the development of addictive patterns. This study analysedthe differences in negative affectivity and emotional regulation based on thepractice profile of exercise; the relationship between exercise dependence,emotional regulation, and negative affectivity; and the mediating role of emotionalregulation in such relationship. 375 endurance sports practitioners participated.The differences in the physical exercise practice profiles were significant in all thestudy variables. Exercise dependence correlated positively and significantly withemotional regulation difficulties and with negative affectivity. Emotional regulationdifficulties were predictors of exercise dependence. There was a mediating effectof emotional regulation difficulties between negative affect and exercisedependence. Improving emotional regulation skills could prevent the onset ofexercise dependence.(AU)

Resistencia antibiótica y aspectos clínicos de Neisseria gonorrhoeae anorrectal en un hospital de CABA, Argentina / Antimicrobial resistance and clinical aspects in anorectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a hospital in CABA, Argentina

La infección por Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) es considerada de alta prioridad en salud pública, por su capacidad para desarrollar resistencia a la mayoría de los antibióticos empleados para tratarla. La presentación anorrectal suele ser asintomática y frecuente en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). En Argentina, se recomienda terapia antibiótica dual (ceftriaxona+azitromicina/doxiciclina) como primera línea empírica. Este estudio observacional y retrospectivo se realizó para evaluar el porcentaje de positividad de NG anorrectal, el perfil de sensibilidad a penicilina, tetraciclina, ciprofloxacina, ceftriaxona, cefixima y azitromicina, así como los aspectos clínicos-epidemiológicos de los pacientes atendidos entre 20/10/2015 y 20/03/2020 en consultorios coloproctológicos de un hospital público. Se detectaron 55/436 hisopados rectales positivos para NG (13%). El 95% era HSH y 71%, VIH+. En 18/55 NG fue la única infección. Las co-infecciones más frecuentes: HPV (38%) y C. trachomatis (35%). La sensibilidad a cefalosporinas de espectro extendido (CEE) y a azitromicina fueron 100% y 98%, respectivamente. Se observó la emergencia local de los primeros cinco aislamientos de NG anorrectal con sensibilidad reducida (SR) a CEE, el primer aislamiento con categoría no-sensible a azitromicina y otro con SR a azitromicina concomitantemente con SR a CEE. Aunque el uso de terapia empírica dual sigue siendo adecuado para nuestra institución, se observó la emergencia de aislamientos con SR y NS a las drogas de primera línea, evidenciando la importancia de la vigilancia epidemiológica a nivel local para definir los tratamientos empíricos.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection is considered a high public health priority because of its ability to develop resistance to most of the antibiotics used to treat it.The anorectal presentation is generally asymptomatic and frequent in men who have sex with men (MSM). In Argentina, dual therapy (ceftriaxone+azithromycin/doxycycline) is recommended as first line empiric therapy.This observational and retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the percentage of anorectal NG positivity, the susceptibility profile to penicillin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime and azithromycin, as well as the clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients attended between 20/10/2015 and 20/03/2020 in coloproctology of a public hospital.We detected 55/436 positive rectal swabs for NG (13%). 95% were MSM and 71% were PLHIV. In 18/55 NG was the only infection. The most frequent co-infections: HPV (38%) and C. trachomatis (35%).Susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) and azithromycin was 100% and 98%, respectively. Local emergence of the first five anorectal NG isolates with decreased susceptibility (DS) to ESCs, the first isolate with nonsusceptible category to azithromycin and another with DS to azithromycin concomitantly with DS to ESCs were observed.Although the use of dual empirical therapy continues to be adequate for our institution, the emergence of isolates with DS and NS to first-line drugs was observed, evidencing the importance of epidemiological surveillance at the local level to define empirical treatments

Programas de optimización del uso de antimicrobianos en los servicios de urgencias españoles: Estudio PROA-URG / Antibiotic stewardship programs in the Spanish emergency services: PROA-URG Study

Introducción: Los programas de optimización de antimicrobianos (PROA) son herramientas clave en la adecuación de estos fármacos. La información disponible sobre la aplicación e indicadores para monitorizar estos programas en urgencias es limitada. El objetivo del estudio es conocer el grado de implantación de programas PROA en los servicios de urgencias, así como el uso de antimicrobianos en estas unidades. Material y métodos. Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo. Se envió una invitación a todos los participantes del grupo de trabajo de farmacéuticos de urgencias REDFASTER-SEFH. Se utilizó un cuestionario de 21 ítems, contestado por un equipo formado por especialistas en los servicios de farmacia hospitalaria, urgencias, enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología. Resultados. 18 hospitales completaron la encuesta. Catorce (77,8%) disponían de un responsable PROA en la unidad. El valor de DDD por 1000 ingresos osciló entre 36,5 y 400,5 (mediana 100,4 [RIQ:57,2-157,3]). El grupo de carbapenémicos y macrólidos presentó una amplia variabilidad. Únicamente seis (33,3%) hospitales disponían de informe anual de resistencias específico para urocultivos y hemocultivos en urgencias. El porcentaje de multirresistentes en urocultivos fue del 12,5% y en hemocultivos del 12,2%. El porcentaje de adecuación en bacteremia de acuerdo con el resultado del hemocultivo fue del 81,0% (RIQ:74,6-85,0%), y en infección urinaria del 78,0% (RIQ:71,5-88,0%). Conclusiones. Pese a la existencia de responsables PROA, actividades formativas y guías de tratamiento en urgencias, la información sobre el uso de antimicrobianos y el perfil de resistencias en estas unidades es limitado. Futuras actividades han de ir encaminadas a mejorar la información sobre los resultados PROA propios para estas unidades. (AU)

Introduction: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) have become a key tool in the adaptation of these drugs to the health system. The information available on the application and indicators used in these programs in emergency departments is scarce. The objective of this study is to know theextent of ASP implementation in the emergency departments, as well as the use of antimicrobials in these units. Material and methods. Multicenter retrospective study. An invitation was sent to all participants of the REDFASTER-SEFH emergency pharmacist working group. A questionnaire was used consisting of 21 items, answered by a team made up of a pharmacist, emergency room specialist, infectious disease specialist and microbiologist. Results. Eighteen hospitals completed the survey. Fourteen (77.8%) had an ASP manager. The DDD value per 1000 admissions ranged between 36.5 and 400.5 (median: 100.4 [IQR:57.2-157.3]). Both carbapenem and macrolide group presented wide variability in use. Six (33.3%) hospitals had an annual report on the specific resistance profile for urine and blood cultures. The percentage of multi-drug resistant strains in urine cultures was 12.5% and in blood cultures 12.2%. The percentage of adequacy in the bacteremia treatment was 81.0% (IQR:74.6-85.0%), while in urinary tract infections was 78.0% (IQR:71.5-88.0). Conclusions: Despite the existence of ASP members in emergency services, as well as the training activity and local guidelines is common. knowledge of the use of antimicrobials and resistances is limited. Future activities must be aimed at improving information about the ASP results in these units. (AU)

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de infección por Staphylococcus aureus resistente ameticilina en niños / Prevalence and risk factors for methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in children

Introducción. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron conocer la prevalencia de infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM) en la población pediátrica de nuestro departamento de salud, describir los factores de riesgo para infección por SARM frente a las producidas por S. aureus sensible a meticilina (SASM) y conocer el perfil de sensibilidad antibiótica de los aislados de SARM y SASM. Pacientes y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo y analítico de las infecciones producidas por SARM frente a las producidas por SASM durante los años 2014 al 2018. Se estudiaron las variables predictoras de SARM mediante un modelo de regresión logística binaria. Resultados. Se identificaron 162 pacientes con infecciones por S. aureus, 15,4% resistentes a meticilina. Los porcentajes mayores de infección por SARM se dieron entre los niños que precisaron ingreso hospitalario (23,4%). En el análisis univariante alcanzaron significación estadística la necesidad de ingreso hospitalario, el antecedente de haber recibido tratamiento antibiótico en los 3 meses previos, el tipo de infección y el antecedente de infección o colonización previa por SARM. En el modelo de regresión logística la necesidad de ingreso hospitalario y el tratamiento antibiótico reciente mantuvieron significación estadística. Solo recibieron tratamiento antibiótico correcto el 26,7% de los niños que ingresaron con infección por SARM. Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados sugieren la necesidad de revisar las pautas de tratamiento empírico usando fármacos activos frente a SARM en las infecciones de probable origen estafilocócico que ingresen en el hospital en niños sobre todo si han recibido tratamiento antibiótico reciente. (AU)

Introduction. The objectives of this work were to know the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in the paediatric population of our health department, to describe the risk factors for infection by MRSA compared to those produced by methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and to know the antibiotic sensitivity profile of MRSA and MSSA isolates. Material and methods. A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of infections produced by MRSA versus those produced by MSSA was carried out during the years 2014 to 2018. Risk factors for MRSA infection were studied using a binary logistic regression model. Results, 162 patients with S. aureus infections were identified. Of these, 25 (15.4%) were MRSA. The highest percentages of MRSA infection occurred among children who required hospital admission (23.4%). In the univariate analysis the need of hospital admission, antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months, the kind of infection and past MRSA infection or colonisation reached statistical significance. However, only the need of hospital admission and antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months maintained statistical significance in the binary logistic regression model. Correct antibiotic treatment was only prescribed in 26.7% of the MRSA infection cases admitted to the hospital. Conclusions. Our results suggest the need to review empirical local treatment regimen using drugs active against MRSA in infections of probable staphylococcal origin admitted to the hospital, especially if they have received antibiotic treatment in the last 3 months. (AU)

Cambios en Mecánica Respiratoria en Usuarios Pediátricos en Ventilación Mecánica Post Cirugía de Cardiopatía Congénita Sometidos a Kinesiología Respiratoria versus Succión Endotraqueal. Revisión Estructurada / Changes in Respiratory Mechanics in Pediatric Users on Mechanical Ventilation Post Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Undergoing Respiratory Kinesiology versus Endotracheal Suction. Structured Review

Introducción. Las cardiopatías congénitas (CC) en Chile corresponden a la segunda causa de muerte en menores de 1 año, requiriendo cirugías paliativas y/o correctivas el 65% de estas. En el post operatorio frecuentemente se utiliza ventilación mecánica invasiva (VM) y succión endotraqueal (SET) para remover secreciones. Sin embargo, la kinesiología respiratoria (KTR) ha mostrado mejoras significativas en la distensibilidad toracopulmonar (Cest) y resistencia de vía aérea (Rva) en otros grupos de usuarios pediátricos y adultos en VM. Objetivo. Comparar los cambios en la Cest y Rva en usuarios pediátricos en VM post cirugía de cardiopatía congénita (CCC) sometidos a KTR versus SET exclusiva. Métodos. Revisión sistemática de estudios publicados en bases de datos PUBMED, PeDro, Scielo y Google Scholar que comparan el uso de KTR ó SET sobre los cambios en mecánica ventilatoria en usuarios pediátricos en VM post cirugía de cardiopatía congénita, limitados a inglés, español y portugués, excluyendo a sujetos con traqueostomía o con oxigenación por membrana extracorpórea. Se utilizó guía PRISMA para la selección de artículos. Se revisaron 397 artículos y se seleccionó 1 artículo extra de los artículos sugeridos. Se eliminó 1 artículo por duplicidad. Por títulos y resúmenes se seleccionaron 2 artículos, los cuales al leer el texto completo fueron retirados debido a que la población no correspondía a cardiópatas. Resultados. El final de artículos seleccionados fue de 0 artículos, debido a lo cual se removió el operador Booleano "NOT", y se removió la población de cardiopatías. De este modo quedaron 2 artículos seleccionados para la revisión cualitativa final donde se compara KTR versus SET, y KTR en kinesiólogos especialistas y no especialistas, mostrando ambos aumento en la Cest y disminución de la Rva a favor de la KTR, hasta los 30 minutos post intervención. Conclusiones. No se encontraron artículos que demuestren cambios en Cest y Rva con el uso de KTR + SET versus SET exclusiva, en usuarios pediátricos ventilados posterior a CCC. Con la remoción de filtros seleccionamos 2 artículos que demuestran aumento de Cest y disminución de Rva en sujetos pediátricos en VM, uno comparando con SET, y por grupos de especialistas y no especialistas en respiratorio. Se sugieren estudios primarios para evaluar los efectos de esta intervención en esta población.

Introduction. Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the second general cause for children death under 1 year. In Chile, approximately 65% CHD need surgery, could was palliative or corrective. In the postoperative period, invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is frequently used as a life support method, but it is associated with complications. Tracheal suction (SET) is regularly used to remove secretions; however, respiratory chest physiotherapy (KTR) has shown significant improvements in thoraco-pulmonary compliance and airway resistance in other groups of pediatrics and adult's users in MV. Objetive. to compare changes in thoraco-pulmonary compliance and airway resistance in pediatric subjects under mechanical ventilation after congenital heart disease surgery comparing chest physiotherapy and exclusive tracheal suction. Methods. systematic review of studies published in PUBMED, PeDro, Scielo and Google Scholar databases who compares KTR or SET use on changes in ventilatory mechanics in pediatric users under MV after congenital heart disease surgery, limited to English, Spanish and Portuguese languages, excluding user with tracheostomy or extracorporeal membrane of oxygenation. It was use the PRISMA guide to articles selection. A search was carried out, with a total of 397 articles reviewed (English: PubMed = 3, PeDro = 8, Scholar = 383; Spanish: Scholar = 3, Scielo = 0; and Portuguese: Scielo = 0). One extra article was selected from the suggested articles, and 1 article was eliminated due to duplication. By titles and abstracts, 2 articles were selected, but the population did not correspond to heart disease. Results. the final selected articles were 0 articles. By this reason, it were removed: Boolean operator "NOT", and congenital heart disease population. Thus, 2 articles were selected for the final qualitative review where it was compares KTR versus SET, and KTR by specialist and non-specialist. Both articles shown improvement in compliance and resistance until 30 minutes post intervention. The CC population was in a 40 to 60% range in both studies. Conclusions. it was no found articles that demonstrate changes in compliance and resistance in the airway with the use of KTR + SET versus exclusive SET in pediatric users after CCC connected to MV. After filter remotion, we found 2 studies shown improves in increase compliance and reduce resistance in pediatric user in MV, ones comparing with SET, and the other one comparing between specialists in respiratory pediatric physiotherapy and not specialists. It suggests to made primary clinical studies about this intervention in CC population.

Oscilometría: de la teoría a la práctica / Oscillometry: from theory to practice

La oscilometría es una herramienta que, poco a poco, se está abriendo paso en las consultas de neumología y alergología. Se trata de una técnica sencilla de realizar para el paciente, que, además, aporta información adicional a las pruebas de función respiratoria clásicas. No solamente nos indica la alteración que existe en la vía aérea, sino que localiza a qué altura se produce (central o periférica). El objetivo es acercar esta técnica al personal sanitario y hacer más sencilla su interpretación. (AU)

Oscillometry is a tool that is gradually making its way into the daily routine of pneumology and allergology. It is a simple technique for the patient, which also provides additional information to the classic respiratory function tests. It not only indicates if there is an alteration in the airway, but also locates where it occurs (central or peripheral). The aim is to bring this technique closer to healthcare professionals and facilitate its interpretation. (AU)

Effects of different lower limb strengthening protocols on muscle activity, strength and power in sedentary and physically inactive subjects: a systematic review / Efectos de diferentes protocolos de fortalecimiento de miembro inferior sobre la fuerza, potencia y actividad muscular en sujetos sedentarios y físicamente inactivos: una revisión sistemática

The purpose of this systematic review was: a) to determine the quality of evidence from studies assessing the effects of different lower limb strengthening protocols on muscle activity, strength, and power in sedentary and/or physically inactive subjects; and b) to determine the effectiveness of lower extremity strengthening protocols on muscle activity, strength, and power in sedentary and/or physically inactive subjects. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements were followed using keywords associated with strength training, lower limb, sedentary, and physical inactivity. Four databases were used: Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. A total of 164 articles were retrieved, six included in this review. Four studies were classified as fair methodological quality, and two were considered of good methodological quality. Due to the heterogeneity in methodological aspects and the limited number of articles including the variables under study, it was not possible to establish a measure of effectiveness of lower limb strengthening protocols on muscle activity, strength, or power. In conclusion, strength training in the lower limb seems to improve the levels of strength, power, and muscular activity in sedentary subjects. However, due to the limited number of articles, methodological variability, and training methods used, it is necessary to conduct new studies that control these variables.(AU)

El propósito de esta revisión sistemática fue: a) determinar la calidad de la evidencia de los estudios que evaluaron los efectos de diferentesprotocolos de fortalecimiento de miembros inferiores sobre la actividad, la fuerza y la potencia muscular en sujetos sedentarios y/o físicamenteinactivos; y b) determinar la efectividad de los protocolos de fortalecimiento sobre la actividad, fuerza y potencia muscular de miembros infe-riores en sujetos sedentarios y/o físicamente inactivos. Se siguieron los criterios PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review andMeta-Analyse) utilizando palabras clave asociadas con el entrenamiento de fuerza, extremidades inferiores, sedentarismo e inactividad física. Serevisaron cuatro bases de datos: Medline vía PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus y SPORTDiscus. La calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante laescala PEDro. Se recuperaron 164 artículos en total, seis incluidos en esta revisión. Cuatro estudios se clasificaron como de calidad metodológicaregular y dos se consideraron de buena calidad metodológica.Debido a la heterogeneidad en los aspectos metodológicos y al escaso número de artículos que incluyeron las variables en estudio, no fue posibleestablecer una medida de efectividad de los protocolos de fortalecimiento de miembros inferiores sobre la actividad, la fuerza o la potenciamuscular. En conclusión, el entrenamiento de fuerza en el miembro inferior parece mejorar los niveles de fuerza, potencia y actividad muscular ensujetos sedentarios. No obstante, debido al número limitado de artículos, la variabilidad metodológica y los métodos de entrenamiento utilizados,es necesario realizar nuevos estudios que controlen estas variables.(AU)

High fat diet- induced obesity decreases ErbB receptors expression in liver and adipose tissue in C57BL/6 mice

Neuregulins (NRGs) are a family of signaling proteins that bind to receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family (ErbB2 to ErbB4), which can homo- or heterodimerize depending on their structural features and cell type. Many studies have proposed that decreased NRG levels are a common characteristic of obesity. In liver and adipose tissue, the increase in NRG expression has protective effects against obesity. However, it is still unknown whether ErbBs expression is altered in this pathology. We hypothesized that high fat diet-induced obesity downregulates ErbB receptors expression in obese mice compared to normal weight mice. Males C57BL/6 mice (n=6-7 for each group) were fed for 12 weeks and divided into: (i) control diet (CD; 10%-kcal fat, 20%-kcal protein, 70%-kcal carbohydrates), and (ii) high fat diet (HFD; 60%-kcal fat, 20%-kcal protein, 20%-kcal carbohydrates). General parameters and ErbBs expression (qPCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot) were evaluated. We observed a significant increase in final body weight (47%), adipose tissue to body weight ratio (244%) and HOMA-IR (69%), among other parameters, in obese mice. In HFD group significantly decreased ErbB2 (48%) and ErbB3 (66%) mRNA levels in liver (no change in ErbB4), and ErbB2 (43%), ErbB3 (76%) and ErbB4 (35%) in adipose tissue, compared to CD. Furthermore, ErbB2 and ErbB3 protein levels decreased significantly in HFD group compared to the CD in liver. Therefore, our results suggest that HFD-induced obesity significantly decreases ErbBs expression in liver and adipose tissue in this murine model, that may be associated with alterations in the NRG pathway in obese mice.

Las neuregulinas (NRGs) son una familia de proteínas de señalización que se unen a receptores tirosina quinasas de la familia ErbB (ErbB2 a ErbB4), que pueden homo- o heterodimerizar dependiendo de sus características estructurales y del tipo celular. Estudios han propuesto que la disminución de los niveles de NRG es una característica común de la obesidad. En el hígado y el tejido adiposo (TA), el aumento de la expresión de NRG tiene efectos protectores contra la obesidad. Sin embargo, aún se desconoce si la expresión de ErbBs está alterada en esta patología. Nuestra hipótesis es que la obesidad inducida por una dieta alta en grasas (DAG) disminuye la expresión de los ErbB en ratones obesos. Ratones machos C57BL/6 (n=6-7 para c/grupo) fueron alimentados durante 12 semanas y divididos en: (i) dieta control (DC; 10%-kcal grasa, 20%-kcal proteína, 70%-kcal carbohidratos), y (ii) DAG (60%-kcal grasa, 20%-kcal proteína, 20%-kcal carbohidratos). Se evaluaron los parámetros generales y la expresión de ErbBs (qPCR, inmunohistoquímica y Western blot). Observamos un aumento significativo del peso corporal final (47%), de la relación tejido adiposo/peso corporal (244%) y del HOMA-IR (69%), entre otros parámetros, en ratones obesos. En este grupo disminuyó significativamente los niveles de ARNm de ErbB2 (48%) y ErbB3 (66%) en el hígado (sin cambios en ErbB4), y de ErbB2 (43%), ErbB3 (76%) y ErbB4 (35%) en el TA. Además, los niveles de proteína ErbB2 y ErbB3 disminuyeron significativamente, en comparación con el grupo DC en el hígado. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la obesidad inducida por DAG disminuye significativamente la expresión de ErbBs en el hígado y el TA, que puede estar asociado con alteraciones en la vía NRG en ratones obesos.

The effect of liposuction versus liposuction with abdominoplasty on insulin resistance in normoglycemic non-obese Mexican females: A prospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have evaluated the effect of liposuction or abdominoplasty on metabolic health, including insulin resistance, with mixed results. Many overweight patients, with no marked obesity, are recommended to undergo liposuction combined with abdominoplasty, but no study has evaluated the effectiveness of combining the two procedures on metabolic health. METHODS: The present prospective cohort study compares the metabolic parameters of 2 groups of normoglycemic Hispanic women without obesity. The first group underwent liposuction only (LIPO), while the second group had combined liposuction and abdominoplasty (LIPO + ABDO). RESULTS: A total of 31 patients were evaluated, including 13 in the LIPO group and 18 in the LIPO + ABDO group. The 2 groups had similar HOMA-IR before surgery (P > 0.72). When tested 60 days after surgery, women in the LIPO group had similar HOMA-IR compared to their preoperative levels (2.98 ± 0.4 vs 2.70 ± 0.3; P > .20). However, the LIPO+ABDO group showed significantly reduced HOMA-IR values compared to their preoperative levels (2.37 ± 0.2 vs 1.73 ± 0.1; P < .001). In this group, this decrease also positively correlated with their preoperative HOMA-IR (Spearman r = 0.72; P < .001) and, interestingly, we observed a negative correlation between the age of the subjects and the drop in HOMA-IR after surgery (Spearman r = -0.56; P < .05). No changes were observed in the other biochemical parameters that were assessed. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that, when combined with abdominoplasty, liposuction does improve insulin resistance in healthy Hispanic females. More studies are warranted to address this possibility.

Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV / Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement — A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study

Antecedentes Diversos trabajos apoyan la hipótesis de que en España se está produciendo un aumento de incidencia de la escabiosis, y existen dudas sobre el posible desarrollo de resistencias y el incremento de formas clínicas atípicas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes de escabiosis atendidos por dermatólogos en España, identificar la posible aparición de escabiosis atípicas, así como describir la frecuencia y los posibles factores de riesgo de los fracasos terapéuticos previos. Métodos Realizamos un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico con recogida de datos prospectiva, en abril y mayo de 2023 dentro de la plataforma CLINI-AEDVp de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología. Resultados Se reclutaron 186 casos de escabiosis activa (51% mujeres) en 31 centros participantes de 15 comunidades autónomas. Se requirió un nivel A, B o C de los criterios de consenso de la International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) para el diagnóstico. El 92% de los pacientes presentaron formas clínicas típicas de escabiosis y un 66% había recibido tratamiento escabicida previo para el episodio en curso. De los pacientes previamente tratados, solo un 36% había recibido y cumplimentado una pauta terapéutica adecuada que incluyera el tratamiento simultáneo de convivientes, y un 50% careció de un documento escrito y claro con las recomendaciones. Conclusiones Una elevada proporción de los casos de escabiosis atendidos actualmente ha recibido tratamiento previo. En estos se observan defectos corregibles que pueden justificar parte de los fracasos terapéuticos. Trabajar en la mejora de las deficiencias encontradas ayudará a un mejor control de la enfermedad y a evaluar la efectividad actual de los escabicidas disponibles (AU)

Background Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). Results Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. Conclusions In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides (AU)

[Translated article] Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement — A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study / Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV

Background Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). Results Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. Conclusions In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides (AU)

Antecedentes Diversos trabajos apoyan la hipótesis de que en España se está produciendo un aumento de incidencia de la escabiosis, y existen dudas sobre el posible desarrollo de resistencias y el incremento de formas clínicas atípicas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes de escabiosis atendidos por dermatólogos en España, identificar la posible aparición de escabiosis atípicas, así como describir la frecuencia y los posibles factores de riesgo de los fracasos terapéuticos previos. Métodos Realizamos un estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico con recogida de datos prospectiva, en abril y mayo de 2023 dentro de la plataforma CLINI-AEDVp de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología. Resultados Se reclutaron 186 casos de escabiosis activa (51% mujeres) en 31 centros participantes de 15 comunidades autónomas. Se requirió un nivel A, B o C de los criterios de consenso de la International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) para el diagnóstico. El 92% de los pacientes presentaron formas clínicas típicas de escabiosis y un 66% había recibido tratamiento escabicida previo para el episodio en curso. De los pacientes previamente tratados, solo un 36% había recibido y cumplimentado una pauta terapéutica adecuada que incluyera el tratamiento simultáneo de convivientes, y un 50% careció de un documento escrito y claro con las recomendaciones. Conclusiones Una elevada proporción de los casos de escabiosis atendidos actualmente ha recibido tratamiento previo. En estos se observan defectos corregibles que pueden justificar parte de los fracasos terapéuticos. Trabajar en la mejora de las deficiencias encontradas ayudará a un mejor control de la enfermedad y a evaluar la efectividad actual de los escabicidas disponibles (AU)

Insatisfacción corporal, ortorexia y dependencia al ejercicio en corredores amateur de resistencia / Insatisfação corporal, ortorexia e dependência do treino em corredores amadores de resistência / Body image dissatisfaction, orthorexia and training addiction in amateur endurance runners

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer si existe relación entre la insatisfacción corporal, la ortorexia y la dependencia al ejercicio en una muestra de corredores de resistencia aficionados, así como examinar las variables psicológicas como la identidad, el perfeccionismo y el enfoque a través de la comparación entre grupos y la obtención de perfiles. Para ello, 129 corredores participantes en la edición XIII del Trail 7 Colinas de Tartessos en 2023 (96 hombres y 33 mujeres; media de edad M=45.5; DT=8.4), completaron el cuestionario de imagen corporal (Body Shape Qustionnaire, BSQ 14), la ortorexia 11 (ORTO-11), el Inventario de perfeccionismo multidimensional en el Deporte en competición (MIPS), la Escala de medición de identidad deportiva (AIMS), el cuestionario ad hoc de Satisfacción Manifiesta (CS), el cuestionario de Percepción de Éxito (POSQ). También se registraron los datos y parámetros como corredor. Los resultados mostraron que el 15% de los corredores presentaron insatisfacción corporal y el 16 % ortorexia. Además, el 13 % de los corredores presentaron ambas manifestaciones. Se encontró una correlación significativa positiva entre la insatisfacción corporal y la ortorexia. Ambas variables también presentaron correlaciones negativas con la satisfacción manifiesta sobre la imagen corporal. Sin embargo, no se encontró relación con la dependencia del ejercicio, aunque los componentes de esta última se relacionaron con variables psicológicas; el componente positivo mostró una correlación negativa con el perfeccionismo, y el componente negativo se relacionó positivamente con la identidad deportiva. Ambas variables resultaron relevantes en la comparación de los grupos en relación a la ortorexia, y de manera separadas en la discriminación; el perfeccionismo sobre la insatisfacción manifiesta y la escala de identidad sobre la ortorexia.(AU)

The aim of the present study was to find out whether there is a relationship between body dissatisfaction, orthorexia, and exercise dependence in a sample of amateur endurance runners, as well as to examine psychological variables such as identity, perfectionism, and focus by comparing groups and obtaining profiles. To this end, 129 runners participating in the XIII edition of the Trail 7 Colinas de Tartessos in 2023 (96 men and 33 women; mean age M=45.5; SD=8.4), completed the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ14),the Orthorexia 11 (ORTO-11), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory in Competitive Sport (MIPS), the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), the ad hoc Satisfaction Questionnaire (CS), the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ). Data and parameters as a runner were also recorded. The results showed that 15% of the runners presented body dissatisfaction and 16% orthorexia. In addition, 13 % of the runners had both manifestations. A significant positive correlation was found between body dissatisfaction and orthorexia. Both variables were also negatively correlated with expressed satisfaction with body image. However, no relationshipwas found with exercise dependence, although components of exercise dependence were related to psychological variables; the positive component showed a negative correlation with perfectionism, and the negative component was positively related to sports identity. Both variables were relevant in the comparison of the groups in relation to orthorexia, and separately in discrimination,perfectionism on manifest dissatisfaction and the identity scale on orthorexia.(AU)

O objectivo do estudo foi analisar se existe uma relação entre insatisfação corporal, ortorexia e dependência do exercício numa amostra de corredores amadores de endurance, bem como analisar variáveis psicológicas como a identidade, o perfeccionismo e o foco, através da comparação entre grupos e da obtenção de perfis. Para o efeito, 129 corredores participantes na XIII edição do Trail 7 Colinas de Tartessos em 2023 (96 homens e 33mulheres; idade média M=45.5; DP=8.4), preencheram o Body ShapeQuestionnaire(BSQ 14), o Orthorexia 11 (ORTO-11), o Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory in Competitive Sport (MIPS), a Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), o ad hoc Satisfaction Questionnaire (CS), e o Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ). Foram igualmente registados os dados e os parâmetros enquanto corredores. Os resultados mostraram que 15% dos corredores apresentavam insatisfação corporal e 16% ortorexia. Para alémdisso, 13% dos corredores apresentavam ambas as manifestações. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva significativa entre a insatisfação corporal e a ortorexia. Ambas as variáveis estavam também negativamente correlacionadas com a satisfação expressa com a imagem corporal. No entanto, não foi encontrada qualquer relação com a dependência do exercício, embora os componentes da dependência do exercício estivessem relacionados com variáveis psicológicas; a componente positiva evidenciou uma correlação negativa com o perfeccionismo, e a componente negativa estava positivamente relacionado coma identidade desportiva. Ambas as variáveis foram relevantes na comparação dos grupos em relação à ortorexia, e separadamente na discriminação; o perfeccionismo na insatisfação manifesta e a escala de identidade na ortorexia.(AU)

[Translated article] Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement - A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study.

BACKGROUND: Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). RESULTS: Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had clinical features of classic scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: In a high proportion of scabies cases, the patient has already received treatment. In those cases, we observe several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments fail. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Being Treated for Scabies in Spain: Opportunities for Improvement - A Multicenter Cross-Sectional CLINI-AEDV Study. / Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes diagnosticados de escabiosis en España: oportunidades de mejora. Estudio transversal multicéntrico CLINI-AEDV.

BACKGROUND: Several studies support the hypothesis that scabies is on the rise in Spain. There are also concerns about the possible development of resistance to treatment and an increase in atypical presentations. The aims of this study were to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with scabies seen by dermatologists in Spain, to identify the possible emergence of atypical forms of scabies, and to explore the frequency of treatment failures and associated risk factors. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study of data collected prospectively in April and May 2023 using the CLINI-AEDVp platform created by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). RESULTS: Participating dermatologists from 31 hospitals in 15 of Spain's autonomous communities recorded 186 cases of active scabies (51% in women) during the study period. A diagnostic certainty level of A, B or C as per the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies Consensus Criteria was required for diagnosis. Overall, 92% of patients had typical scabies and 66% had already been treated with a scabicide for the current episode. Of the treated patients, only 36% had received and completed adequate treatment (including the simultaneous treatment of all household members) and 50% had not received clear written recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: In a high proportion of the cases of scabies studied, the patient had already received treatment. In those cases, we observed several remediable shortcomings that could explain why some of these treatments had failed. Remedying these deficiencies should lead to better control of scabies and an improved assessment of the actual effectiveness of currently available scabicides.